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德國Cellzome
德國Cellzome致力于蛋白質(zhì)相互作用研究
今天宣布他們在1月10日的一期Nature上發(fā)表了一篇關(guān)于蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)領(lǐng)域的開創(chuàng)性研究,這篇文章第一次描述了酵母蛋白質(zhì)組的功能圖譜。這幅圖譜繪制了釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisae)中的蛋白質(zhì)的完整網(wǎng)絡(luò)及其相互作用,這個蛋白質(zhì)的相互作用網(wǎng)絡(luò)是影響細(xì)胞在不同環(huán)境下的活性的基礎(chǔ)。這是第一幅描述這種關(guān)系的圖譜。
“這幅圖譜將能讓研究人員更加全面的評價一個蛋白質(zhì)在生物學(xué)上的功能,并且為藥物開發(fā)選擇靶點提供了一個更全面的方法?!盋ellzome生物學(xué)部的副總裁博士說。“通過了解靶點所處的分子環(huán)境,研究人員能夠更好的預(yù)測候選藥物在安全性和有效性方面的效果,蛋白質(zhì)相互作用的圖譜建立了一個基礎(chǔ),你可以在上面添加從文獻(xiàn)或者其他實驗中所獲得的數(shù)據(jù)。將這些信息結(jié)合起來,將能夠提高藥物開發(fā)的效率。”
這篇文章的題目為“通過系統(tǒng)的分析蛋白質(zhì)復(fù)合物了解酵母蛋白質(zhì)組的功能組織()”,是該期Nature的封面文章(415卷,141-147頁)。這篇文章描繪了釀酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)的功能蛋白質(zhì)組圖譜,釀酒酵母是藥物開發(fā)中常用的一種真核生物模型。這幅圖譜描繪了1.440種酵母蛋白質(zhì)的功能和相互作用,這些蛋白質(zhì)形成個直接影響生物學(xué)活性的多元復(fù)合物。Cellzome的一個交叉學(xué)科小組利用獨有的一種蛋白質(zhì)復(fù)合物裝配和回收技術(shù)在接近生理環(huán)境的條件下直接從細(xì)胞中分離出這些蛋白質(zhì)的多元復(fù)合物,這種方法最早是由歐洲分子生物學(xué)實驗室(EMBL)開發(fā)出來的。
“經(jīng)過幾十年來將生物復(fù)合物拆散成單個分子進(jìn)行研究的過程以后,我們的新目標(biāo)是將這些信息重新組織并整合到一起,以獲得對細(xì)胞行為的真實描述?!盨uperti-Furga博士說。
“酵母的基因組在1996年就被測定了,但是有將近一半的基因的功能還是未知的。我們的目標(biāo)是破解蛋白質(zhì)組的功能結(jié)構(gòu),這樣就能夠在分子環(huán)境內(nèi)了解基因的功能,而各種細(xì)胞內(nèi)的過程也可以看做是各種分子結(jié)構(gòu)之間和諧作用的結(jié)果?!?br/> 這個小組利用同源重組的方法分別改變了酵母基因組中的1.700種基因,并用雙重的分子標(biāo)簽標(biāo)記這些被改變的基因。這些基因表達(dá)出的蛋白質(zhì)能夠用這些標(biāo)簽釣出來。由于這些蛋白質(zhì)能夠與其他蛋白質(zhì)形成復(fù)合物,人們通過回收標(biāo)記的蛋白質(zhì)所發(fā)現(xiàn)的通常是由這些相互作用的蛋白質(zhì)形成的復(fù)合物。這些基因的表達(dá)都受內(nèi)源的啟動子控制,因此在蛋白質(zhì)裝配和回收的過程中,細(xì)胞內(nèi)的自然生理環(huán)境幾乎沒有受到什么影響。他們利用基質(zhì)輔助的激光離子化解離飛行時間質(zhì)譜()確定分離得到的每一個蛋白質(zhì),然后用生物信息學(xué)方法分析整個網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)。利用Cellzome公司的生物信息學(xué)方法將整個酵母的蛋白質(zhì)組在蛋白質(zhì)復(fù)合物水平和蛋白質(zhì)-蛋白質(zhì)水平上以圖形的形式顯現(xiàn)出來,從而使得人們能夠沿著各種功能途徑瀏覽整個“蛋白質(zhì)組空間”。為了使這些數(shù)據(jù)得到們更廣泛的應(yīng)用,Cellzome將這些數(shù)據(jù)放在上以便公眾使用。
從Cellzome的方法中所獲得的好處包括:
根據(jù)不同實驗條件下從體內(nèi)條件下分離出的分子集合,以讓藥物開發(fā)領(lǐng)域找到新的切入點。
提供一個平臺,人們可以通過向其中增加其他數(shù)據(jù)和信息而利用生物信息學(xué)手段更好的設(shè)計實驗。
根據(jù)蛋白質(zhì)復(fù)合物組裝的差異,預(yù)測候選藥物的安全性和效果,并對先導(dǎo)化合物進(jìn)行優(yōu)化選擇。
根據(jù)復(fù)合物的組成,醫(yī)學(xué)上的用途以及篩選和鑒定先導(dǎo)化合物的方法建立一套全面的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)體系。
通過預(yù)測未知蛋白質(zhì)和已知蛋白質(zhì)之間的相互作用,發(fā)現(xiàn)新的蛋白質(zhì)及其功能。
“Cellzome正在超越舊的藥物開發(fā)模式,我們正在使用這項技術(shù)確定藥物的靶位點所處的精確的生理環(huán)境,這將會為我們的實驗提供更好的指導(dǎo),并降低藥物開發(fā)中的風(fēng)險?!?br/> 的首席執(zhí)行官Charles Cohen說?!拔覀冋眠@個方法研究人體的細(xì)胞,以建立與各種慢性或變性疾病的發(fā)生和發(fā)展有關(guān)的分子環(huán)境。我們最近從在英國所收購的研究機(jī)構(gòu)中獲得的藥物開發(fā)經(jīng)驗,將可以讓我們將這幅功能圖譜迅速的轉(zhuǎn)變成藥物開發(fā)項目?!?br/> 的靈活的技術(shù)平臺可以系統(tǒng)的應(yīng)用于人體的樣本。酵母和人的直向同源物的復(fù)合物(orthologous complexes)之間的高度相似性暗示可能是一些基礎(chǔ)的機(jī)制控制細(xì)胞的功能。通過了解控制細(xì)胞的基礎(chǔ)機(jī)制,發(fā)現(xiàn)具有重要作用的蛋白質(zhì)復(fù)合物并了解其性質(zhì),的技術(shù)可以將精力集中在真正重要的一些分子靶位點上,從而有效的促進(jìn)并加速藥物的開發(fā)過程。
Cellzome is a privately-owned drug discovery and development company identifying a new generation of kinase-targeted drugs to treat inflammatory diseases. Its pipeline of small-molecule therapeutics is driven by Kinobeads?, a proprietary technology for the screening and profiling of kinase inhibitors in physiologically-relevant cells and tissues. The most advanced program, targeting PI3Kγ, is anticipated to enter the clinic in 2010, and several other programs are in early preclinical testing.
Cellzome is expanding its distinctive technology, in a novel form called Episphere?, to the discovery and development of novel drug candidates for epigenetic targets in their protein complexes.
The management team has strong scientific and commercial credentials, and is backed by some of the biotech industry's most experienced investors. Cellzome is intent on developing both organically and through merger or acquisition, whilst maintaining its values of transparency, commitment and mutual respect.
Cellzome has significant collaborations with GSK and Johnson & Johnson. Its holding company is domiciled in the US and it employs about 90 people at its two laboratories in Cambridge, UK and Heidelberg, Germany.
History
2000 The European Molecular Biology Laboratory [EMBL] in Heidelberg, Germany spins out Cellzome. Initial focus is the detailed analysis of the organization of the proteome of both yeast and mammalian cells.
2001 Completion Series B financing of € 34 million. Acquisition of GSK's CellMap Unit and foundation of Cellzome UK.
2002 Publication of the "Functional Organization of the Yeast Proteome by Systematic Analysis of Protein Complexes" in Nature - the first scientific validation of Cellzome's technology and the "Faculty of 1000" all time #1 paper in genetics and genomics (Jan 2004).
2003 Completion of Series C funding of €?30 million. Latter half of the year, entered two partnerships with pharmaceutical companies, Johnson?&?Johnson PRD and Bayer HealthCare.
2004 Cellzome published "A physical and functional map of the human TNF-α/NF-κB signal transduction pathway" in Nature Cell Biology.
Tim Edwards appointed CEO and President. A significant research collaboration signed with Novartis to identify new drug targets and leads in a variety of disease areas.
2005 Drug discovery partnership agreed with Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical / Johnson?&?Johnson PRD for the identification of new medicines for the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
Novartis collaboration expanded to provide further analyses of both target candidates and signalling aspects of certain disease pathways.
Cellzome and Graffinity Pharmaceuticals awarded a €?2.2m grant from the German Ministry of Research and Education for the discovery of novel treatments for disorders of the immune system.
2006 Cellzome and the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) published the first genome-wide screen for protein complexes in Nature.
Extension of collaboration with Novartis for further 2 years.
Extension of collaboration with Johnson?&?Johnson in Alzheimer's Disease to March 2008.
2007 First milestone payment received from Johnson?&?Johnson for selection of lead molecule.
Publication of Kinobeads? Technology: new targets for Glivec identified.
Cellzome's CEO Tim Edwards appointed to the Board of the UK's BioIndustry Association.
Cellzome Establishes Scientific Advisory Board.
2008 Cellzome appoints Dr. Jane Dancer as VP Business Development.
Extension of collaboration with Johnson & Johnson in